'Personality psychology Essay\r'

'In this essay I give aim to demonstrate an mind of Jung’s record Types by describing and evaluating his possibility and demonstrate how they might be purposeful in patroning me to finalise remedial goals. I leave also look at al well-nigh of the criticism levelled at Jung’s conjecture,I commemorate this allows the therapist,ie my self to better pick up the positive from the negative. I am also of the opinion that detailing Jung’s primordial days and background play am consequential role in the overall evaluation. I carry positionicular enkindle in when Jung met Freud and how this meeting of intelligences shape or whitethornbe changed their individual conclusions.\r\nI allow cover this later in my essay. Carl Gustav Jung was born July 26, 1875, in the small Swiss v afflictionage of Kessewil. His father was capital of Minnesota Jung, a country par intelligence, and his mother was Emilie Preiswerk Jung. He was meet by a fairly well better ex melt downed family, including quite a few clergymen and some eccentrics as well. By the age of just sestet years old Jung started to learn Latin which started an interest in language and literature, especially antediluvian literature. Jung withdraw several ancient languages including ‘Sanskrit’ the original Holy Hindi language book.\r\nJung was a distant youth whilst emergence up who did not enjoy his schooling years and was not competitive. Jung’s later education was in Basel, Switzerland where he attended boarding school where he found himself the centre of jealous pestering. Carl Jung began to use illness as an excuse, developing an embarrassing tendency to zonk out under pressure. Carl Jung’s premier(prenominal) c atomic number 18er cream was archaeology; Jung went on to study medicine at the University of Basel. Whilst working under the well-known neurologist Krafft-Ebing, he established himself on psychiatry as his c areer.\r\n later on gra duating, he in any casek a place at the Burghoeltzli rational Hospital in Zurich under Eugene Bleuler, an expert on schizophrenia. In 1903, Jung married Emma Rauschenbach. He also taught classes at the University of Zurich, had a private practice, and invented word association at this cartridge clip. (internet search) In 1907 Jung met Freud. Freud would be seduced by the esteem and reputation of Jung and would soon define in him the spiritual son that could guarantee the survival of psycho psychoanalysis. The un departingness of Jung towards the Freudian chess opening referred to the role of sexuality in the psychic development.\r\nIn fact Jung on no occasion only embraced the sexual theory of Freud. From 1912 onwards Jung found himself much and more distant from Freud’s writings. By abandoning the travel and indirect of Psycho-sexuality, Jung would launch himself in the fields of spirituality and science which was understood by only an initiated few. Jung’ s inner foundation became something for him to study and develop his theories on and during this time Jung evolved the goal of his psychology of individuation, which is the achievement of the self and other guide marks, such as the arche qualitys, the incarnate unconscious mind(p).\r\nJung’s theory stresses the wideness of intelligence our private unconsciousness (events, scent, behaviour patterns that we boast buried in our subconscious from our own direct past) and the collective unconscious (patterns, trends, traits, behaviours that all mercifuls have no subject field what background or culture have caterpillar track through our lives). Whereas Freud believed the unconscious was suppressed by the piece opinion. Jung in the other hand believed the unconscious read/write head was where the conscious mind had its origins and where our psyche amazes or is created from. oddment was the key for Jung, which he believed the balancing of the 2\r\nsides is what d rives us humans ‘towards’ or ‘a stylus’ from goals. The foundation of the mind that consisted of the EGO (who we think we are); the SHADOW (the part of us that we deny or do not ac friendship) was unquestion suitable by Jung. He continued to believe our mind was constantly developing or moving towards our true up self (individuation) and this journey was fuelled by intrinsic laws, the principles of reverse gears, that all(prenominal) aspect of our mind has an opposite force.\r\nThe principle of comparing that equal amounts of heartiness are precondition to both sides, and the principle of entropy, that everything natural winds down as muscle is evenly distributed, eventually with the opposing side commix together creating a harmony. Jung believed that our mind’s sail followed a repeating in the ‘rites of passage’ for birth, hymeneals and death, mirrored end-to-end all cultures and bulks.\r\nJung believed that this drive to hightail it towards a state if harmony or individuation, was elementalally important to us all. Jung spent a well behaved deal of time and energy on the importance of dreams and getting to understand what their meanings meant to individually individual. Jung believed that by understanding the imageries within our dreams we would benefit a better knowledge of ourselves. He indicated that dreams should not be interpreted too accurately, but considered for finding mortalal meanings in the imaginary number or symbolism. Jung also recognised and place two opposites of psycheality;\r\n1. INTROVERSION 2. EXTROVERSION Introversion †when psychic energy is sour inwards towards our inner world. These batch tend to be thoughtful batch with dumb natures, preferring their own company and evading large groups, they may be cautious and uncertain, disliking change or impertinent things, they may observem defensive and they the like privacy and personal space and spend a lot of time in contemplation. Extreme appoints of introversion have standardised qualities to autism and some forms of schizophrenia.\r\nExtroversion †is when the movement of energy is turned outwards towards the outside world. An extroverted person would show interest in the outside world, they will be objective and frank with helpful and lightheaded-going personalities, they like bodily lick and people around them, extreme versions of extroverts would be hopeless al whiz and not able to bear mutism or solitude, needing continuous excitement and external breathing in to prevent boredom or unhappiness. Jung also identified quatern different functions (attitudes) of the mind;\r\nTHINKING †when a person connects to the world via reason and intelligence. These types will have thinking searching minds, al expressions questioning. They will be good at judging things able to see the origin and results, and will reach logical decisions. They may be open and appear cool and gra tuitous emotionally, and will be good at adjusting to new situations. FEELING †when a person makes worth decisions around the world ground on how they look intimately something, putting ideas, points, and issues in monastic sound out based on how they assess them and not on emotional feelings.\r\n stamp people have a sturdy adept of traditional measures and human connection is portentous to them as they tend to be warm and creative. star topology †when a person relies sensory results †perceptions. These people avow on sensory impressions, how certain things appear, feel and sound. They tend to be mentally and emotionally stable people, taking things at face value, they can be seen as dull and boring which often be easy going and fun, with a calm nature.\r\nINTUITION †when the world is understood or interpreted in a particular way chiefly through the unconscious †when people speak of having a hunch, gut feeling or instinct about something, this type of person is conscious of changes. Possibilities can appear distracted or ungrounded; they will get bored of uninterested or boring details which are often not practical.\r\nThey can be creative and inspirational. Jung believed that a person is essentially an introvert or an extrovert and this mud equally fixed, however, an individual will rely mainly on functioning using one of these four modalities but that opposing function also had an impression on their relationships and behaviour and these functions may adjust throughout support.\r\ne combined two attributes and the four functions to octette different psychological types. Jung understood that most people are a blend of two or more types, and that understanding how your own record type and that of people around you occupyd to the world would suffer a deeper understanding of yourself. For example; bringing you hand-to-hand to individuation. Jung trusts that we understand and recognised the strengths and weaknesses o f our mind; that we would im give and achieve equilibrise.\r\nThe functions and attitudes are also not fixed with one side of the pair leading, the other becomes unconscious. Jung believed that the unconscious part then finds a way of expressing its hidden self. A person’s conscious orientation will be towards one of the four functions; the leading or principle function †this will decide how you answer to experiences.\r\n1. The dominant or principle function †this will determine how you react to experiences. 2. Auxiliary functions †mainly conscious. 3. The opposite auxiliary †suppressed and partially unconscious. 4. Remaining slackly unconscious Jung believed when the conscious function was solid on that point was a trend for the opposing function to go through into the conscious occasionally in the form of hysteria, phobias and obsessions.\r\nHe believed in order to achieve balance one must work with the repressed function in therapy which in this ca se has echoed Freud’s theory on repressed feelings and emotions surfacing unconsciously. These combinations of psychological types, Jung develop into eight types, combining the two attitudes with the four functions; forthcoming and Introverted 1.\r\nThinking Type, 2. Feeling Type, 3. Sensation Type, 4. self-generated Type The above generalisation was Jung’s way of providing a structure in order to fetch and to understand individual’s behaviours and feelings. Although these types are understood current they form the basis of record or psychometric testing (Myers-Briggs) which is still in use today.\r\nI believe the significance of this information is that it is an opening point from which to discover and explore our own or clients mind using a structure. Jung maintains that psychological types are mostly inborn and not acquired through conduct’s experiences. I concur with this belief, However, Jung recognised that personality types were actd as a c hild advances through life by factors such as parents and the amount of influence each parent has over a child, and genial factors such as school, peer groups surroundings.\r\nJung also believed problems (mental ill health) arose when external influences forced children into a pattern that goes against the natural energy flow of a person’s mind or psychological type. As with Freud, most of the theories of early pioneers are quite impossible to prove or test due to no scientific way of measuring them. Also the amount of patients utilise was in very small numbers and teeny-weeny practical work was done. Jung’s work has given foundations to many modern-day psychologies including theories to develop and explore upgrade and deeper, including words that have been accepted by the modern language. For example; * Psyche * Extrovert * Introvert.\r\n* Archetype These are parallels with other great psychologies †Freud, as I already mentioned and discussed, and the work o f Hans Eysenck a more modern theorist. Eysenck was the prototypic psychologist to make this trait or temperament business organisation into something more mathematical: he gave long lists of adjectives to hundreds of mebibytes of people and used a special statistics called factor analysis to figure out what factors trait dimensions carry the most weight. He took results of this work and created a test called the Eysenck nature Questionnaire (EPQ) instead of making these traits either-or, like Jung did, he proverb them as dimensions. His first trait dimension was, like Jung, ‘extraversion-introversion’.\r\nBut rather than say you were one or the other (an I or an E), he provided you a score on extraversion-introversion. Eysenck based his theories on Galen, an ancient Greek theory which was created around two thousand BC. It is one of the oldest personality theories around. Eysenck added on the two basic dimensions of temperament (like Jung) and these were based on f our types (unscientifically based on the types of fluids he believed were washing around the individuals body) a sanguine type, cheerful, optimistic and easy to be with, choleric, quick, het up tempered and aggressive.\r\nA phlegmatic type temperament, dumb people who had a tendency to be sad, downcast and have a negative view of the world. much(prenominal) simpler and much less sophisticated than Jung’s theory; Eysenck expands this into three dimensions of personality; 1. Introversion †extraversion 2. neuroticism †emotional 3. Stability and psychoticism With five further subdivisions; 1. extroversion 2. agreeableness 3. conscientiousness 4. neuroticism 5. openness The root word of four (opposing) forces repeats throughout cultures and across time, North, South, East and West, Earth, Fire, air current and Air.\r\nIn religion(used my own as my example! ) we see recurrences of types, for example; •The Father •The Son •The Holy shadiness or th e Virgin Mother •The Crone first images we can recognise and begin to understand. These theories have a degree of objectivity, whilst they may give different labels to the personality types there does seem to be agreement that you begin to understand individuals if you can assess basic kindred categories or repeating personality traits.\r\nLike Jung’s theory, and the teachings in the Bible (parables) perhaps these theories have value as a way of forming a fabric for us to ask question, and discovering more of ourselves. CONCLUSION Jung believed each personality type or psyche was influenced by another, it is logical to assume that in all human relationships, mainly within an psychopsychoanalyst/patient relationship, the analyst may encourage the patient so a subjective conclusion or true individuation may not be achievable.\r\nI feel it is important to recognise as Jung did that these types are not fixed and that a person’s personality or psyche changes throug hout life and that energy flows and fluctuates between the opposing sides of our psyche so we understand that a person does not fit neatly into one of the boxes. Jung created this structure or framework to help work towards understanding of our own psyches and how better to relate to the world and people around us. Understanding how a person or patient feels, reacts and relates is obviously the first step to the beginning to help them.\r\nBeing able to plan a patient’s improve journey will be more efficaciously tailored to them if we have a good understanding of why they think or feel the way they do and help them to understand this too. Jung believed that in order to heal, people need to learn to listen to messages from the unconscious mind, to follow their own path and think independently, and that in order to become a competent analyst you must ‘first understand yourself’ in order to efficiently help a client and to determine therapeutic goals,This is an ong oing journey of self discovery which this course is bringing out in me.\r\nBIBLIOGRAPHY Chrysalis †lambskin in psychotherapeutic counselling †year two †Module Three Carl Jung Resources, 2014 http://www. carl-jung. net/ What Freud really express †David Stafford-Clark WWW. Philosophy. lander. edu (Internet research) Wikipedia (Internet) Carl Jung †Dr. C. George Boeree http://worldtracker. org/media/library/Psychology/Boere Hans Eysenck †Dr. C. George Boeree http://worldtracker. org/media/library/Psychology/Boere Introducing Jung a graphic guide †Maggie Hyde & Michael McGuinness Personality Types: Jung’s Model of Typology †Darl Sharp.\r\n'