Metaphysical Premises And Types Of Liberal Ideology: Liberalism As The End And Liberalism As The Way :: Politics

Metaphysical Premises And Types Of expectant Ideology Liberalism As The End And Liberalism As The WayABSTRACT The enigma of choosing the way for our country unavoidably brings us to a discussion of the conundrum of freehandedism. At first glance, this should not be a occupation since promiscuous principles underlie Western society and are the basis of the modern realism order. But this purview is not shared by solely intellectuals in Russia. First is the specificity of the Russian mentality, brotherly consciousness and social life. The head of Russias stimulate way is much referred to by various(a) political movements of pronounced nationalist color, provided we hire to study this idea at its deepest level rather than overdo reality. Yet even almost thinkers who are oriented to the West and have insisted on the adoption of Western set and standards have also potently criticized European civilization. Secondly, liberalism does not have a simple meaning. It connotes a enactment of complex ideological systems transformed over time both in theory and in political practice. T presentfore, it is important to analyze the metaphysical exposit of liberal doctrines and systems. I will examine assessments of liberal ideas made by Russian religious philosophers in the late 19th and early twentieth centuries such as P. Struve, N. Novgorodtsev, I. Iliin, and S. Frank who all considered liberalism primarily a metaphysical rather than a legal or political phenomenon, and interpreted it as an empirical manifestation of the deep nature of the human spiritual reality. The problem of choosing the way for our country unavoidably makes us discuss the problem of liberalism. At the first sight, this should not be problem at all, as the liberal principles underlie Western society and so make the basis of the upstanding modern world order. But such a straight opinion is not shared by all political people here in Russia and there are two major reasons for this. Firs t of the two is specificity of Russian mentality, Russian social consciousness, and generally all Russian social life. The idea of Russias own way is, true, much used by various political movements of pronounced nationalist color, but we have to study this idea to the most possible deepness to not be oversimplifying the reality. It was common among all political groups and movements to state Russias special historical fate and ways. Even the most westernly oriented political thinkers, though insisted on the adoption of Western values and standards, strongly criticized European civilization at the same time (so did Hertzen in his late years, for example).